UPSC Prelims 2025 · Question 12 of 100

UPSC Prelims 2025 question on COP28 Health Declaration

Consider the following statements:

Statement I:
At the 28th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28), India refrained from signing the 'Declaration on Climate and Health'.

Statement II:
The COP 28 Declaration on Climate and Health is a binding declaration; and if signed, it becomes mandatory to decarbonize health sector.

Statement III:
If India's health sector is decarbonized, the resilience of its health-care system may be compromised.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

  1. Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
  2. Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I
  3. Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
  4. Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct
Show answer

Answer: C. Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I

Verdict

Only Statement III is correct and it explains Statement I → Option (c).

Statement by statement

Statement I – CORRECT: India refrained from signing the Declaration on Climate and Health at COP28.

Statement II – INCORRECT: The COP28 Declaration on Climate and Health is a non-binding, non-negotiated call to action and collective commitment. It is not a binding declaration.

Statement III – CORRECT: India expressed concerns that greenhouse gas reduction requirements for cooling in the health sector could hinder its ability to meet growing demands for medical services, particularly in remote and underserved areas. Hence decarbonization may hamper the resilience of India's healthcare system.

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