UPSC Prelims 2018 · Question 65 of 99

UPSC Prelims 2018 question on Carbon Fertilization

Which of the following statements best describes 'carbon fertilization'?

  1. Increased plant growth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
  2. Increased temperature of Earth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
  3. Increased acidity of oceans as a result of increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
  4. Adaptation of all living beings on Earth to the climate change brought about by the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Show answer

Answer: A. Increased plant growth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

Analysis

Option (a) best describes carbon fertilisation, so the answer is (a).

The carbon fertilisation effect is straightforward in principle: the larger amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere resulting from rising anthropogenic emissions should help the growth of plants, which use carbon dioxide during photosynthesis, and the effect ought to increase crop yields.

Options (b) and (c) describe the greenhouse effect and ocean acidification respectively. Both are genuine consequences of rising carbon dioxide, which is exactly why they are attractive, but neither is what the word fertilisation denotes. Option (d) describes adaptation, a far broader idea. Option (b) would have been right only if the term were carbon forcing or greenhouse warming.

Source

Environmental Research Web article on the carbon fertilization effect, and The Hindu report on tropical forests absorbing more carbon dioxide than thought.

How to crack it

Take the metaphor in the term seriously. Fertilisation is about making plants grow, so among four true statements about carbon dioxide, pick the one about plant growth. UPSC frequently builds an option set where every option is factually true and only one matches the term being defined, so match the term to its meaning rather than checking options for truth.

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