UPSC Prelims 2014 · Question 46 of 100

UPSC Prelims 2014 question on Biometric Identification

In addition to fingerprint scanning, which of the following can be used in the biometric identification of a person?

1. Iris scanning
2. Retinal scanning
3. Voice recognition

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. 1 only
  2. 2 and 3 only
  3. 1 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3
Show answer

Answer: D. 1, 2 and 3

Verdict

The answer is 1, 2 and 3. Iris scanning, retinal scanning and voice recognition are all established biometric identification methods alongside fingerprints.

Analysis

Statement 1 is CORRECT. Iris recognition images the coloured ring around the pupil using near infrared illumination and is the modality used at scale in Aadhaar. Statement 2 is CORRECT. Retinal scanning images the blood vessel pattern at the back of the eye, also using near infrared light, and is a distinct modality from iris scanning. Statement 3 is CORRECT. Voice recognition is a behavioural biometric used in telephone banking and access control.

Source

Biometrics Institute material on types of biometrics.

How to crack it

A biometric is any measurable trait that is sufficiently unique and stable, and it may be physiological or behavioural. Apply that definition rather than recalling a list, and gait, signature dynamics and keystroke rhythm also become predictable answers. Keep iris and retina separate in your mind, because the question sets often pair them to see whether you treat them as one thing. The Aadhaar news hook is what makes this a repeat area, so track the modalities the programme actually uses.

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